By: Regina Musicaro, contributor
“Freedom is liberty from both physical and mental restraints.”
I once worked with a girl who found every reason to complain. She craved sympathy for the every day inconveniences of life, like missing a bus or receiving too much homework. She was the girl who walks into work in the morning to say, “This is just NOT MY DAY because . . . I lost my watch, I can hardly make rent, the chicken was dry, my parents fight . . .” I soon started to elicit the sympathy she desired, or rather pity. This girl was living in a mental prison. I’ve met happier people who have survived horrific events like the Rwandan Genocide. Assessing your personal freedom is a worthwhile activity. But you must not only assess it, you must practice it.
In Civil War Harper’s Weekly, May 7, 1864, the following passage appears:
“NEGROES ESCAPING OUT OF SLAVERY,
WE present on page 292 another view of one of the principal features of the war; namely, the escape of negroes, at all points within the rebel lines, from the house of their bondage. Mr. A. R. WAUD, who furnishes the sketch, sends the following account of a recent exodus during a Federal reconnaissance into the enemy’s territory . . . : “Coming in from the reconnaissance many negroes joined us. As it was not possible, on account of the muddy roads, for them to keep up with the horsemen, they were allowed to ride the spare and captured horses—many of them, however, coming to us on their masters’ horses. . . . ;but these dusky ones suffered horribly from fear of recapture several times.”
The above passage is from an archived newspaper from the American civil war.
Lately I’ve been doing Capoeira Angola, which is an Afro-Brazilian martial arts developed by enslaved Africans living in Brazil. These slaves used Capoeira to free themselves. It’s a beautiful art form that builds incredible body strength as well as relationships, grace, and axé (pronounced ashay), which is a word that can be translated as “life force” or “good vibration.” Axé is the vital personal energy that comes with personal and physical freedom. Capoeira Angola is a healing practice. It teaches its students to develop physical strength, to sing spiritual songs and to play music. Practicing Capoeira pushes the physical limits of the human body. To succeed, you must tolerate pain, commit yourself to discipline, and make a service-oriented offering to the group. As a metaphor to freedom from slavery, those who practice modern-day capoeira aim to escape mental traps such as anxiety, obsessive thinking, traumatic memories or pessimism. In other cases, they are escaping more concrete traps such as gang involvement or abusive relationships.
The slaves who practiced Capoeira disguised the practice as a dance so they could become strong without revealing their escape plans. The successful slaves freed themselves while others died trying. When we enter a Capoeira class, it is easy to take this historical fact for granted. If I could witness any past moment in history, it would be the triumphant day of an escaping slave.
Imagine an overworked, battered man. He is an African slave living in Brazil, the country where he was born. The man appears tired and resigned but beneath the surface he possesses stamina and resilience. He has a plan. This man wakes up in the morning feeling very nervous but then turns the energy of his anxiety into anger and determination. He knows this is the day that he either wins or dies but he also believes in his own strength. He sees his master approach with the intent to give orders but the enslaved man feels a surge of adrenaline. He kicks the master directly in the chest. The shocked master falls to the ground in shock. And then, of course, the slave runs. This man has never seen the edge of the plantation. He’s never seen the ocean. He has neither stood at the top of a mountain nor sat in a cushioned chair. But he sees Paradise. Many times he had played Capoeira with his fellow enslaved friends. Together they sang the song called Paranà ê. It’s as song about faith–knowing with certainty that paradise exists and that one must find it:
Paranà ê, Paranà
I will leave for Bahia, Paranà
I will not stay here, Paranà
Paranà ê, Paranà ê, Paranà
If it will not be this week, Paranà
it’s the week that comes, Paranà
Paranà ê, Paranà ê, Paranà
As the man runs, the words of the song repeat in his mind like a motivational chant (think of that inspirational song on your i-Pod that gets you running on the treadmill). The master is out of sight, perhaps mounting a horse, perhaps alerting local officials, perhaps assembling an angry mob. The enslaved man is now very far from the plantation. He is filled with exhilaration but also terror because he has no home and no destination. His friends are left behind while his family has long been dispersed. His ancestral land of Africa is a place that he’s never seen. What will he eat tonight? Where will he sleep? Who will he love?
What happens next? Try to follow this man in your mind. Could you write the ending to his story? Could you pinpoint a moment in time wherein he achieves both physical and mental freedom. What conditions would this require?
William Faulkner said that, “We must be free not because we claim freedom, but because we practice it.” This quote further illustrates the complexity of freedom. At what point did the slave actually achieve the freedom he sought? As U.S. citizens, we brag about our freedom. We too soon take our freedom for granted.
Even if you are not practicing Capoeira, ask yourself if you are practicing freedom. The alternative is physical or mental imprisonment. This imprisonment takes many forms, especially the mental kind, and may involve the desire to impress your coworkers, a fear of terrorism while riding the subway or angry rumination due to an inability to forgive someone.
Here’s a good place to start. Ask yourself these questions:
Do you worry? Do you describe yourself as “really busy” until . . .? Are you going to be free after graduate school? After you get a promotion? When you’re no longer sick? After you lose weight? Will you be free when you find a spouse? Are you lacking freedom today because you were charged an ATM withdrawal fee? Like the slave running from the plantation, we are forced to take an inventory of where we’re going and why. And though the liberation from enslavement was the first and crucial step to a free life, the slave is wise enough to know that one must build not just a house, not just a success story, not just a relationship but *axé* along with the release from physical bonds. Freedom is a moment-to-moment practice rather than a set of circumstances. Personal freedom should frame all of your actions and thought. My favorite advice from Richard Rorh (an American priest) can be summarized as: Contentment is from within. Do not expect tomorrow to be different from today because how one does anything is how one does everything.